Diary of a Medic

Body Mass Index (BMI) is a widely used measure to assess whether a person has a healthy weight for their height. While a BMI of 18.5–24.9 is generally considered “normal,” research shows that this range does not apply equally across all ethnic groups.

For example, in South Asians (including Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, the Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka), health risks linked to weight—such as type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, and heart disease—begin at much lower BMI levels compared to other populations. This is because South Asians are more likely to have higher body fat percentages, particularly around the abdomen, even at “normal” BMI values. This visceral fat is metabolically active and significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular disease and insulin resistance.

Public health guidelines now recommend that South Asians aim for a BMI below 23 to reduce these risks. In practical terms, this means that someone with a BMI of 23–24.9 (which is “normal” for the general population) may already be at increased risk if they are South Asian.

What can you do?

• Monitor your BMI and waist circumference: Both are important indicators of metabolic health.
• Adopt a balanced diet: Focus on whole foods, high fiber, and reduced refined carbs and sugars.
• Stay active: Regular physical activity helps manage weight and improve insulin sensitivity.
• Get regular check-ups: Early screening for diabetes, cholesterol, and blood pressure is vital.

By aiming for a BMI below 23, South Asians can take a proactive step toward better health and significantly reduce their risk of lifestyle-related diseases.

In our resources section, you can find a link to a BMI calculator, and other helpful information.

References:
https://cks.nice.org.uk/topics/obesity/diagnosis/identification-classification/